I argue that widely used digital infrastructure like operating systems, compilers and browsers deserve public investment, just like roads, hospitals, and schools.

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From an MMT (chartalist) perspective, cryptocurrencies lack sovereign backing and fail to establish the enforced demand necessary to function as true currency. Because they rely solely on speculative sentiment rather than legal mandates (like taxation), their values are unsustainable in the long run and risk ultimately collapsing to zero.

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